Department of Biology

Carol Shoshkes Reiss

Research

Figure 1 (Click to enlarge)

My lab has closed, but my research interests are viral immunology, ranging from innate to neuroimmunology to cellular signaling as well as molecular aspects, and pathogenesis of infection. My lab has been studying the interaction between vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and the mouse (Figure 1). We are probing the role of the immune system in clearance of viral infections from the central nervous system and use many research tools including knockout hosts. Areas of research in the lab include analysis of the components involved in the breakdown of the blood-brain-barrier during viral infection, cytokine-triggered responses in the CNS, including signal transduction and down-stream events (Figure 2). We are studying the molecules which recruit different cells (neutrophils, natural killer, lymphocytes and macrophages) from the peripheral circulation to the CNS to fight the infection.  We have been investigating the many roles of lipids in the innate immune response to infection; the effects of drugs which target cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and peroxisome proliferators activating receptor-gamma, as well as statins and cannabanoids are being investigated for their contribution to the disease pathogenesis. The role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates in both clearance of virus and immunopathology are being studied.  The mechanism(s) by which distinct interferons suppress viral replication in neurons is another area of focus (Figure 3).  We are also engaged in a microarray analysis of cytokine and viral infection-induced changes in the expression of mRNA by neurons.  The infection and recovery of the olfactory neuroepithelium are under investigation;  these studies will be extended to examine behaviors which are associated with the sense of smell and thus may be altered by olfactory system infection. (Figure 4). A new area of research is investigating neuroinflammation in seizure disorders.

Figure 2 (Click to enlarge)	Figure 3 (Click to enlarge)	Figure 4 (Click to enlarge)

Teaching

Undergraduate: V23.0050 Immunology
Graduate: G23.1011 Advanced Immunology, G23.2020 Microbial Pathogenesis, G23.0080 Animal virology. G23.1023 Hot Topics of Infectious Disease.

Biosketch

1972 AB Bryn Mawr College
1973 MS Sarah Lawrence College
1978 PhD Mt Sinai graduate school of Biomedical Sciences of CUNY
1978-1981 Post doc Harvard Medical School
1981-1991 Instructor through Associate Professor, Harvard Medical School
1991-present Professor NYU
Co-organizer of 5 Keystone conferences on Molecular Aspects of Viral Immunity
1999-2006 Editor-in-chief of Viral Immunology
2008 Senior editor, DNA and Cell Biology
2008 Editor, Neurotropic Viral Infections, Cambridge University Press
2012-preset Editor-in-Chief, DNA & Cell Biology

Expert Panel

• Everything You Want To (or Don’t Want To) Know About H1N1 Influenza, (RealPlayer video archive)
  November 3, 2009
  Co-sponsors: Student Senator’s Council (SSC) and Student Health Advisory Board of the SSC
  
  Panelists:
  Carol Shoshkes Reiss, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, NYU
  Martin J. Blaser, M.D., Frederick H. King Professor of Internal Medicine, Chair, Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Medical Center
  Carlo Ciotoli, M.D., Deputy Executive Director and Medical Director, NYU Student Health Center
  

Increased web traffic at the DNA and cell biology online journal. DNA Cell Biol   (2013 Apr) Reiss CS

Interferon-induced tetherin restricts vesicular stomatitis virus release in neurons. DNA Cell Biol   (2011 Dec) Sarojini S, Theofanis T, Reiss CS

Variability in krill biomass links harvesting and climate warming to penguin population changes in Antarctica. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A   (2011 May 3) Trivelpiece WZ, Hinke JT, Miller AK, Reiss CS, Trivelpiece SG, Watters GM

Cannabinoids and Viral Infections. Pharmaceuticals (Basel)   (2010 Jun 1) Reiss CS

Cytokine-modified VSV is attenuated for neural pathology, but is both highly immunogenic and oncolytic. Int J Infereron Cytokine Mediator Res   (2009 Dec 1) Miller J, Bidula SM, Jensen TM, Reiss CS

Vesicular stomatitis virus modified with single chain IL-23 exhibits oncolytic activity against tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Int J Infereron Cytokine Mediator Res   (2010 May 1) Miller JM, Bidula SM, Jensen TM, Reiss CS

A confocal and electron microscopic comparison of interferon beta-induced changes in vesicular stomatitis virus infection of neuroblastoma and nonneuronal cells. DNA Cell Biol   (2010 Mar) D'Agostino PM, Reiss CS

IFN-beta-induced alteration of VSV protein phosphorylation in neuronal cells. Viral Immunol   (2009 Dec) D'agostino PM, Amenta JJ, Reiss CS

DISTINCT MECHANISMS OF INHIBITION OF VSV REPLICATION IN NEURONS MEDIATED BY TYPE I AND TYPE II IFN. Virus Rev Res   (2009 Jan 1) D'Agostino PM, Yang J, Reiss CS

Disruption of IFN-gamma- mediated antiviral activity in neurons: the role of cannabinoids. Viral Immunol   (2008 Jun) Herrera RA, Oved JH, Reiss CS

Peripheral, but not central nervous system, type I interferon expression in mice in response to intranasal vesicular stomatitis virus infection. J Neurovirol   (2007 Oct) Trottier MD, Lyles DS, Reiss CS

PIN: a novel protein involved in IFN-gamma accumulation of NOS-1 in neurons. DNA Cell Biol   (2008 Jan) Yang J, Dennison NN, Reiss CS

Gene expression contributing to recruitment of circulating cells in response to vesicular stomatitis virus infection of the CNS. Viral Immunol   (2006 Summer) Ireland DD, Reiss CS

The role of the proteasome-ubiquitin pathway in regulation of the IFN-gamma mediated anti-VSV response in neurons. J Neuroimmunol   (2006 Dec) Yang J, Tugal D, Reiss CS

Interleukin (IL)-12 receptor beta1 or IL-12 receptor beta 2 deficiency in mice indicates that IL-12 and IL-23 are not essential for host recovery from viral encephalitis. Viral Immunol   (2005) Ireland DD, Palian BM, Reiss CS

VSV replication in neurons is inhibited by type I IFN at multiple stages of infection. Virology   (2005 Mar 15) Trottier MD Jr, Palian BM, Reiss CS

Expression of IL-12 receptor by neurons. Viral Immunol   (2004) Ireland DD, Reiss CS

Interferon-gamma-induced inhibition of neuronal vesicular stomatitis virus infection is STAT1 dependent. J Neurovirol   (2004 Feb) Chesler DA, Dodard C, Lee GY, Levy DE, Reiss CS

Posttranscriptional regulation of neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression by IFN-gamma. J Interferon Cytokine Res   (2004 Feb) Chesler DA, McCutcheon JA, Reiss CS

PKR is not required for interferon-gamma inhibition of VSV replication in neurons. Viral Immunol   (2003) Chesler DA, Munoz-Jordan JL, Donelan N, Garcia-Sastre A, Reiss CS

IL-12, while beneficial, is not essential for the host response to VSV encephalitis. J Neuroimmunol   (2002 Oct) Chesler DA, Reiss CS

The role of IFN-gamma in immune responses to viral infections of the central nervous system. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev   (2002 Dec) Chesler DA, Reiss CS

Innate immunity in viral encephalitis: role of C5. Viral Immunol   (2002) Chen N, Reiss CS

Innate immune responses in viral encephalitis. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol   (2002) Reiss CS, Chesler DA, Hodges J, Ireland DD, Chen N

Selective inhibition of COX-2 is beneficial to mice infected intranasally with VSV. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat   (2002 Feb) Chen N, Restivo A, Reiss CS

International Congress of Neurolmmunology Edinburgh, September 3 to 7, 2001. Viral Immunol   (2001) Reiss CS

Leukotrienes play protective roles early during experimental VSV encephalitis. J Neuroimmunol   (2001 Nov 1) Chen N, Restivo A, Reiss CS

Keystone symposium on Molecular Aspects of Viral Immunity: Keystone, Colorado, April 14-20, 2001. Viral Immunol   (2001) Reiss CS

The role of interleukin-18 in vesicular stomatitis virus infection of the CNS. Viral Immunol   (2001) Hodges JL, Ireland DD, Reiss CS

NSAID treatment suppresses VSV propagation in mouse CNS. Virology   (2000 Oct 10) Chen N, Warner JL, Reiss CS

Determinants of immune defense against microbial infections: Santa Fe, New Mexico, February 24-29, 2000. Viral Immunol   (2000) Reiss CS

Regulation of the BBB during viral encephalitis: roles of IL-12 and NOS. Nitric Oxide   (1999 Aug) Komatsu T, Ireland DD, Chung N, Dore A, Yoder M, Reiss CS

Mechanisms of cytokine-mediated inhibition of viral replication. Virology   (1999 Jul 5) Komatsu T, Srivastava N, Revzin M, Ireland DD, Chesler D, Reiss CS

Neuronal expression of NOS-1 is required for host recovery from viral encephalitis. Virology   (1999 Jun 5) Komatsu T, Ireland DD, Chen N, Reiss CS

Delayed administration of interleukin-12 is efficacious in promoting recovery from lethal viral encephalitis. Viral Immunol   (1999) Ireland DD, Bang T, Komatsu T, Reiss CS

Viral replication in olfactory receptor neurons and entry into the olfactory bulb and brain. Ann N Y Acad Sci   (1998 Nov 30) Reiss CS, Plakhov IV, Komatsu T

IL-12 and viral infections. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev   (1998 Sep-Dec) Komastu T, Ireland DD, Reiss CS

Does nitric oxide play a critical role in viral infections? J Virol   (1998 Jun) Reiss CS, Komatsu T

IFN-gamma is not required in the IL-12 response to vesicular stomatitis virus infection of the olfactory bulb. J Immunol   (1997 Oct 1) Komatsu T, Reiss CS

Interleukin-12 promotes recovery from viral encephalitis. Viral Immunol   (1997) Komatsu T, Barna M, Reiss CS

Interleukin-12 promotes enhanced recovery from viral infection of neurons in the central nervous system. Ann N Y Acad Sci   (1996 Oct 31) Reiss CS, Komatsu T, Barna M, Bi Z

Activation of type III nitric oxide synthase in astrocytes following a neurotropic viral infection. Virology   (1996 Sep 15) Barna M, Komatsu T, Reiss CS

Interferon-gamma induced type I nitric oxide synthase activity inhibits viral replication in neurons. J Neuroimmunol   (1996 Aug) Komatsu T, Bi Z, Reiss CS

Sex differences in susceptibility to viral infection of the central nervous system. J Neuroimmunol   (1996 Jun) Barna M, Komatsu T, Bi Z, Reiss CS

Host immune response to vesicular stomatitis virus infection of the central nervous system in C57BL/6 mice. Viral Immunol   (1996) Christian AY, Barna M, Bi Z, Reiss CS

IL-12 promotes enhanced recovery from vesicular stomatitis virus infection of the central nervous system. J Immunol   (1995 Dec 15) Bi Z, Quandt P, Komatsu T, Barna M, Reiss CS

Vesicular stomatitis virus infection of the central nervous system activates both innate and acquired immunity. J Virol   (1995 Oct) Bi Z, Barna M, Komatsu T, Reiss CS

Processing of a viral glycoprotein in the endoplasmic reticulum for class II presentation. Eur J Immunol   (1995 Aug) Bartido SM, Diment S, Reiss CS

Pathogenesis of murine encephalitis limited by defective interfering particles. An immunohistochemical study. J Neurovirol   (1995 Jun) Plakhov IV, Aoki C, Reiss CS, Huang AS

The earliest events in vesicular stomatitis virus infection of the murine olfactory neuroepithelium and entry of the central nervous system. Virology   (1995 May 10) Plakhov IV, Arlund EE, Aoki C, Reiss CS

Inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus infection by nitric oxide. J Virol   (1995 Apr) Bi Z, Reiss CS

Inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus RNA synthesis by protein hyperphosphorylation. J Virol   (1994 Aug) Chang TL, Reiss CS, Huang AS

Distribution of vesicular stomatitis virus proteins in the brains of BALB/c mice following intranasal inoculation: an immunohistochemical analysis. Brain Res   (1994 Jan 28) Huneycutt BS, Plakhov IV, Shusterman Z, Bartido SM, Huang A, Reiss CS, Aoki C

Central neuropathogenesis of vesicular stomatitis virus infection of immunodeficient mice. J Virol   (1993 Nov) Huneycutt BS, Bi Z, Aoki CJ, Reiss CS

The current status of viral immunology. Immunol Today   (1993 Jul) Reiss CS, Rouse BT

Lymphokine expression profile of resting and stimulated CD4+ CTL clones specific for the glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus. Cell Immunol   (1993 Jan) Cao BN, Huneycutt BS, Gapud CP, Arceci RJ, Reiss CS

Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) do not modulate interferon effects in infected lymphocytes. J Virol   (1992 Aug) Swaminathan S, Huneycutt BS, Reiss CS, Kieff E

Altered histopathology in protein-deprived mice during Sendai virus pneumonia: evidence for delayed inflammatory response and recovery. J Infect Dis   (1992 May) Pena-Cruz V, Bronson RT, Reiss CS, McIntosh K

Newly synthesized class II MHC chains are required for VSV G presentation to CTL clones. Cell Immunol   (1992 Jan) Reiss CS, Gapud CP, Keil W

Replication-defective viruses modulate immune responses. J Immunol   (1991 Oct 15) Browning MJ, Huneycutt BS, Huang AS, Reiss CS

Sendai virus infection of normal and protein malnourished mice: response of airway leukocytes to infection. Microb Pathog   (1991 Sep) Lee HJ, Moody CT, Reiss CS, Pena-Cruz V, McIntosh K

Murine infection by vesicular stomatitis virus: initial characterization of the H-2d system. J Virol   (1991 Sep) Forger JM 3rd, Bronson RT, Huang AS, Reiss CS

The soluble viral glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus efficiently sensitizes target cells for lysis by CD4+ T lymphocytes. J Virol   (1990 Aug) Browning M, Reiss CS, Huang AS

Cytolytic T lymphocytes from the BALB/c-H-2dm2 mouse recognize the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein and are restricted by class II MHC antigens. J Immunol   (1990 Aug 1) Browning MJ, Huang AS, Reiss CS

Sendai virus infection of mice with protein malnutrition. J Virol   (1989 Aug) Pena-Cruz V, Reiss CS, McIntosh K

T cell hybridomas define the class II MHC-restricted response to vesicular stomatitis virus infection. Microb Pathog   (1988 Nov) Petrarca MA, Reiss CS, Diamond DC, Boni J, Burakoff SJ, Faller DV

Effect of anthelminthic treatment on the immune response of mice. Lab Anim Sci   (1987 Dec) Reiss CS, Herrman JM, Hopkins RE 2nd

Recognition of EBV plasma membrane protein expressed on murine cells after gene transfer. J Immunol   (1987 Aug 1) Reiss CS, Wang D, Ghosh D, Gaposchkin C, Kieff E

VSV G protein induces murine cytolytic T lymphocytes. Microb Pathog   (1986 Jun) Reiss CS, Chen SS, Huang AS, Doherty R

Viral-restricted cytolytic T lymphocyte recognition of hybrid human-murine class I histocompatibility antigens. Cell Immunol   (1986 Apr 15) Maziarz RT, Burakoff SJ, Reiss CS

Biochemical and functional analyses of a secreted H-2Ld molecule. Mol Cell Biol   (1986 Apr) Murre C, Parker KC, Reiss CS, Driller JP, Wiley DC, Burakoff SJ, Seidman JG

Recognition of the alpha-1 and alpha-2 domains of H-2 molecules by allospecific cloned T cells. J Immunol   (1986 Mar 15) Reiss CS, Greenstein JL, Crimmins MA, Liu LL, Rao A, Maziaraz RT, Murre C, Burakoff SJ

Inducible expression of class II major histocompatibility complex antigens and the immunogenicity of vascular endothelium. Transplantation   (1986 Feb) Pober JS, Collins T, Gimbrone MA Jr, Libby P, Reiss CS

Human dermal fibroblasts present tetanus toxoid antigen to antigen-specific T cell clones. J Clin Invest   (1985 Jul) Umetsu DT, Pober JS, Jabara HH, Fiers W, Yunis EJ, Burakoff SJ, Reiss CS, Geha RS

H-2Ld antigen encoded by a recombinant retrovirus genome is expressed on the surface of infected cells. Mol Cell Biol   (1985 Jun) Weis JH, Reiss CS, Mulligan RC, Burakoff SJ, Seidman JG

Interactions of T lymphocytes with human vascular endothelial cells: role of endothelial cells surface antigens. Immunobiology   (1984 Dec) Pober JS, Gimbrone MA Jr, Collins T, Cotran RS, Ault KA, Fiers W, Krensky AM, Clayberger C, Reiss CS, Burakoff SJ

Dissection of serological and cytolytic T lymphocyte epitopes on murine major histocompatibility antigens by a recombinant H-2 gene separating the first two external domains. J Exp Med   (1984 Jul 1) Murre C, Choi E, Weis J, Seidman JG, Ozato K, Liu L, Burakoff SJ, Reiss CS

Construction, expression and recognition of an H-2 molecule lacking its carboxyl terminus. Nature   (1984 Feb 2-8) Murre C, Reiss CS, Bernabeu C, Chen LB, Burakoff SJ, Seidman JG

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition of class I H-2 antigens after DNA-mediated gene transfer. Fed Proc   (1984 Feb) Reiss CS, Evans GA, Murre C, Margulies DH, Seidman JG, Burakoff SJ

Interferon production by cultured murine splenocytes in response to influenza virus-infected cells. J Interferon Res   (1984) Reiss CS, Liu LL, Mowshowitz SL

Limiting dilution cultures reveal latent influenza virus-specific helper T cells in virus-primed mice. J Mol Cell Immunol   (1984) Miller RA, Reiss CS

A molecular analysis of the cytolytic T lymphocyte response. Adv Immunol   (1984) Burakoff SJ, Weinberger O, Krensky AM, Reiss CS

Lymphocytes recognize human vascular endothelial and dermal fibroblast Ia antigens induced by recombinant immune interferon. Nature   (1983 Oct 20-26) Pober JS, Collins T, Gimbrone MA Jr, Cotran RS, Gitlin JD, Fiers W, Clayberger C, Krensky AM, Burakoff SJ, Reiss CS

Evidence for genetic restriction in the suppression of erythropoiesis by a unique subset of T lymphocytes in man. J Clin Invest   (1983 Aug) Lipton JM, Nadler LM, Canellos GP, Kudisch M, Reiss CS, Nathan DG

Allospecific and virus-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes are restricted to the N or C1 domain of H-2 antigens expressed on L cells after DNA-mediated gene transfer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A   (1983 May) Reiss CS, Evans GA, Margulies DH, Seidman JG, Burakoff SJ

Ia expression by vascular endothelium is inducible by activated T cells and by human gamma interferon. J Exp Med   (1983 Apr 1) Pober JS, Gimbrone MA Jr, Cotran RS, Reiss CS, Burakoff SJ, Fiers W, Ault KA

Cytotoxic T cells directed against HLA-DR antigens and their surface proteins. Diagn Immunol   (1983) Burakoff SJ, Clayberger C, Hemler M, Krensky AM, Reiss CS, Robbins E, Sanchez-Madrid F, Springer TA, Strominger JL, Ware CF

Specificity of OKT4+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte clones. J Immunol   (1982 Nov) Krensky AM, Clayberger C, Reiss CS, Strominger JL, Burakoff SJ

Generation of long-term human cytolytic cell lines with persistent natural killer activity. J Immunol   (1982 Oct) Krensky AM, Ault KA, Reiss CS, Strominger JL, Burakoff SJ

Genetic control of the cytolytic T lymphocyte response to influenza viruses: H-2 genes influence the response to H-2Kb plus virus. J Immunol   (1982 May) Reiss CS, Dorf ME, Benacerraf B, Burakoff SJ

Long-term human cytolytic T-cell lines allospecific for HLA-DR6 antigen are OKT4+. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A   (1982 Apr) Krensky AM, Reiss CS, Mier JW, Strominger JL, Burakoff SJ